Ichthyosaurus (derived from Greek ἰχθύς (ichthys) meaning 'fish' and σαῦρος (sauros) meaning 'lizard') is a genus of ichthyosaurs from the late Triassic and early Jurassic (Rhaetian - Pliensbachian ) of Europe (Belgium, England, Germany, Switzerland) and Asia (Indonesia). The neotype was collected from Lyme Regis, Dorset. These are from the arms of prehistoric squid. The ‘hook-shaped’ pieces were hooklets — barbs made of chitin, the same material that forms the exoskeletons of crabs and insects. Arguably, the first modern, scientific palaeontological study of an extinct marine reptile was of a large ichthyosaur (NHMUK PV R1158) collected by Mary and Joseph Anning from Lyme Regis, Dorset (Home,Mr. Ichthyosaurus communis byl malý druh mořského plaza z řádu ichthyosauria (česky ryboještěři), který žil v období pozdního Triasu a rané Jury, zhruba před 210-180 miliony lety.
In 2014, a small basal ichthyosauriform from the upper Lower Triassic was described that had been discovered in China with characteristics suggesting an amphibian lifestyle.Until the 1980s, a close relationship was assumed between the Ichthyosauria and the,Since 1959, a second enigmatic group of ancient sea reptiles is known, the.The proposed relationships are shown by this cladogram:The earliest ichthyosaurs are known from the Early and Early-Middle (,These very early "proto-ichthyosaurs" had such a distinctive build compared to "ichthyosaurs proper" that Motani excluded them from the Ichthyosauria and placed them in a basal position in a larger,The basal forms quickly gave rise to ichthyosaurs in the narrow sense sometime around the boundary between the,In the Late Triassic, ichthyosaurs attained the peak of their diversity. The ribs typically are very thin and possess a longitudinal groove on both the inner and the outer sides. Martill (eds).Owen, R., 1840, "XXXVI.—Note on the Dislocation of the Tail at a certain point observable in the Skeleton of many Ichthyosauri".Fischer, V., 2012, "A severe drop in Eurasian ichthyosaur diversity prior to their late Cenomanian extinction: local or global signal? Common name: Ichthyosaur. (eds. Transactions of the Geological Society of London, 5, 559 – 594. ):Maisch MW, Reisdorf AG, Schlatter R, Wetzel A. Discovered in Australia, and analyzed by.Evans, M., 2010, "The roles played by museums, collections, and collectors in the early history of reptile palaeontology", pp. This reconstruction was done for the IOB Open Booth at SICB 2020 in Austin, Texas and was made using … 2008. ",Derived ichthyosaurs in the narrow sense, as defined by Motani in 1999, differ from their closest basal,Basal Ichthyopterygia already had elongated, triangular skulls. In the early nineteenth century, this resulted in the discovery of more complete skeletons. Finely preserved specimens from the Holzmaden,The fossil specimens that preserved dorsal fins also showed that the flippers were pointy and often far wider than the underlying bones would suggest. People were fascinated by the strange build of the animals, especially the large,Public awareness was increased by the works of the eccentric collector,Ichthyosaurs became even more popular in 1854 by the rebuilding at,During the nineteenth century, the number of described ichthyosaur genera gradually increased. Life Sciences Contribution of the Royal Ontario Museum 97.Kear, B.P. In 1956.Apart from the obvious similarities to fish, ichthyosaurs also shared parallel developmental features with dolphins,Ichthyosaurs were carnivorous; they ranged so widely in size, and survived for so long, that they are likely to have had a wide range of prey. The Ichthyosauria.McGowan C, Motani R. 2003. Prehistoric Mystery SOLVED,10 Prehistoric Creatures We’d Love to Have in a Zoo,5 Obvious Lessons Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom Characters Still Haven't Learned,After An Asteroid Wiped Out The Dinosaurs, Ocean Microbes Helped Life Rebound,Here's What That Viral Dinosaur TikTok Video Is About,Changmiania liaoningensis: New 'Eternal Sleeper' Dinosaurs Unearthed in China,Jurassic World: 5 Things It Got Right (& 5 It Got Wrong),After 90 Years Gathering Dust, B.C. They defined a node clade Ichthyosauria as the group consisting of the last common ancestor of,Cladogram based on Maisch and Matzke (2000),Ichthyosaurs averaged about 2–4 m (6.6–13.1 ft) in length.
About half of the ichthyosaur genera today seen as valid were described after 1990. ","Extinction of fish-shaped marine reptiles associated with reduced evolutionary rates and global environmental volatility","New Ophthalmosaurid Ichthyosaurs from the European Lower Cretaceous Demonstrate Extensive Ichthyosaur Survival across the Jurassic–Cretaceous Boundary",10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0838:giottn]2.0.co;2,"A giant Late Triassic ichthyosaur from the UK and a reinterpretation of the Aust Cliff 'dinosaurian' bones",10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<0409:taaeot>2.3.co;2,"An evolutionary and developmental perspective on the loss of regionalization in the limbs of derived ichthyosaurs","Rare soft-tissue preservation showing fibrous structures in an ichthyosaur from the Lower Lias (Jurassic) of England","Palaeobiology of red and white blood cell-like structures, collagen and cholesterol in an ichthyosaur bone","Soft-tissue evidence for homeothermy and crypsis in a Jurassic ichthyosaur",10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0503:aniftu>2.0.co;2,"Fossil pigments reveal the colors of ancient sea monsters",10.1666/0022-3360(2006)80[583:GITTIP]2.0.CO;2,"Macropredatory ichthyosaur from the Middle Triassic and the origin of modern trophic networks","Unusual gut contents in a Cretaceous ichthyosaur","Short-Snouted toothless ichthyosaur from China suggests late Triassic diversification of suction feeding ichthyosaurs","Absence of suction feeding ichthyosaurs and its implications for Triassic mesopelagic paleoecology","A unique advantage for giant eyes in giant squid","A plesiosaur containing an ichthyosaur embryo as stomach contents from the Sundance Formation of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming".
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